英文书里 syntax 和 grammar 什么区别

Syntax 侧重于句词级, 重于词词组成\逻辑关系; 见pedia有一解释恰如其分:
> "the study of the principles and processes by which sentences are constructed in particular languages."
有一term名为"构词法", 再扩展一点变为"构句法", 想必就是Syntax的研究过程了.

Grammar 则是语言\文法学, 所以其范围要大于Syntax, 见pedia:
>In linguistics, grammar is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. The term refers also to the study of such rules, and this field includes morphology, *syntax*, and phonology, often complemented by phonetics, semantics, and pragmatics.

看来小时候学的被动语态\主将从现之类的应皆出自于此脉.

词 < 句 < 句法 < 语法.

以上只是个人浅见而已,饭后一理科学子的戏言.

syntax 是句子的结构就是什么词先，什么词后之类的
grammar 是整体的语法，包括syntax，单词的形式变化，以及清楚的表达意思

程序语言的语法叫做 syntax，自然语言的语法叫做 grammar。

如果只是英语范围的话，grammar（语法）包括 syntax（句法）和 morphology（词法）。

Doing 由 do 变来，这叫词法。Doing 动名词能做句子主语，do 不行，这叫句法。

这个问题, 用mac的字典查一下就完事了

syntax: the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language
grammar: the whole system and structure of a language or of languages in general, usually taken as consisting of syntax and morphology (including inflections) and sometimes also phonology and semantics.

个人感觉，syntax是“少数人规定必须那么写”，grammar则是“多数人自然而然地这么写”，题主请自行感受一下区别。

syntax 人为制定
grammar 约定俗成